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1.    Answers:

Based on sentences (a) and (b), we can formulate the hypothesis that a pronoun can have an antecedent only outside the clause that contains it.

But when sentence (c ) comes into the picture, ‘sherlock’, and ‘him’ do not come under the same domain. So, the hypothesis can be rephrased as a pronoun can have an antecedent only outside the clause that contains it if the antecedent does not c-command the pronoun.

Again, in the case of sentences (e) and (g), ‘him’ undergoes NP movement because the empty space is occupied by PRO. In this case, the previous hypothesis needs to be revised as a pronoun can have an antecedent only outside the clause that contains it if the antecedent does not c-command the pronoun. But the pronoun should not have a clause mate antecedent.

Looking at the sentences (h) and (i), another clause should be added to the previous hypothesis, i.e., for a pronoun to refer to an antecedent, the binding domain should be accessible.

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