Information and Communication Technologies Assignment

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Question

Assessment 1: Online forum discussions

Participate in online forum discussions within MySCU. A series of two (2) forums will be posted during the study period regarding contemporary issues in Multimedia and Information Technology.

Assessment 2: Essay

An essay question will be specified through MySCU which all students must answer.

Please note: Always keep a copy of your work!

Your essay should include, but not be limited by the following elements:

Academic referencing protocols are required.
Use headings if appropriate.
Number your pages, and have the unit code (ISY10212) and your name (or Student Identification Number) on the footer of each page.
For electronic submissions ensure that the file is .doc and titled as: ISY10212_essay_[studentNameHere].doc.

Assessment 3A: Report

Choose a topic area focusing on a contemporary issue in Multimedia and Information Technology. The topic you choose must be determined in consultation with your tutor to ensure content suitability and to avoid excessive duplication of content areas with your peers. An extensive set of example topics will be made available but you are encouraged to identify topic areas of your own initiative. Topic areas selected on this basis should be of a narrow but detailed nature.

You are encouraged to select a specialised topic area. It is anticipated that doing so will enable you to undertake detailed study in an area that:

you hold intrinsic interest in
has specific relevance and application to an aspect of your personal and/or professional life either currently or in the future
you will find more motivating, and strive to achieve a higher quality product
you will embrace, and experience higher levels of self satisfaction
you will gain greater generic knowledge, skills and attitudes regarding research and the production of reports.

Assessment 3B: Report presentation

Provide a brief presentation to the tutorial class based on the issues and findings that you identified in your report for Assessment 3A. This task provides an opportunity for you to demonstrate your understanding of your chosen topic. Presentations may include, but are not limited to, PowerPoint.

Solution

Introduction

Though there is a considerable growth arising from technology advancements in computer and internet connectivity, there is an importunate existence of the digital divide which is the resultant of the worldwide persistence of social and economic exclusion. In its agenda related to digital integration, the Information Society (WSIS) of the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) considers it as a major barrier underlining its adverse impact on the development of economic, cultural and social aspects as well as the welfare of the public, especially in the developing countries (Resta & Laferrière 2008). Researchers have proven that restricted access or the limited usage of information and communication technology (ICT) is highly likely to generate a digital divide. The key driver is the disparity that arises between the ICT resource access and utilization by one set of people and others considering their social, economic, cultural, or national background (Meinrath, Losey & Lennett 2013). Social exclusion is based on differences between individuals due to the demographic characteristics and their abilities.

The WorldWideWeb Foundation has found that the gender gap in ICT usage has increased by 1% in 2016 reaching 12% when compared to 11% in 2013 worldwide (Chisiza 2017). The constraints for women related to ICT accessibility are beyond technological infrastructure issues. Those are based on the socially and culturally construed gender roles which shape and limit their capability when compared to men which restricts their equal participation. This further induces the limited availability of financial resources, lower educational levels and the lack of equal opportunities to access ICT goods and services. This report assesses the issues pertaining to the equity and accessibility encountered by women with the use of IT resources. Different challenges and its causes are discussed, which is followed by a list of recommendations to resolve this gap.

1. Feminist Theory- TechnoFeminism

Feminists have observed that the key barrier for the existence of women in technology is its association with manliness generating the inherent quality of a biological sex difference of ICT systems (Wajcman 2010). Now the thought process feminists has shifted from focusing on the equitable treatment in the technology field to develop strategies that use the masculinity of ICT projects to cater to the emancipation and development of women. This has imparted a sense of urgency among technologists to evaluate the processes involved in the development of technology that female-oriented rather than shift the focus from analysing women’s access to technology. Thus, there is a growing focus to the development of the gendered nature of technical expertise. This has increased the scrutiny of social factors, mainly gender divisions and inequalities which are reported to have adverse influence on technologies. The issue is evaluated as not only the male monopolistic nature of technology considerations but also the system in which gender is embedded in technology itself.