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Question
a) Based on your assessment of the four cultural dimensions data for Malaysia, determine the strengths and weaknesses in the context of management and leadership.
b) What would be the best approach (in terms of focus) for managers/leaders in Malaysia?
Solution
Based on your assessment of the four cultural dimensions data for Malaysia; determine the strengths and weaknesses in the context of management and leadership.
Culture being the major factor affecting leadership and management style of any country, gives a clear picture of strengths and weaknesses in terms of leadership and management. Same is applied in case of Malaysia when it comes to determining the strengths and weaknesses in terms of leadership and management approach of the country. As per the assessment done according to the Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory, separate rating is given to each of the proposed four dimensions in order to analyze the cultural value of Malaysian culture (Ansari, Ahmad, & Aafaqi, 2004). These four cultural dimensions are:
Power Distance Index (PDI) – This index can be explained as the degree to which people of the society expect and accept the uneven sharing of the power. In one line it can be described as strength of social hierarchy. PDI is high in Malaysia, it is 104 and it signifies that Malaysian society accepts hierarchical and unequal distribution of power and even the people accept their place in the hierarchy (Ghemawat & Reiche, 2011).
Individualism – collectivism (IDV) – This index refers to the degree of bonding people have with other in their community. IDV score of Malaysian culture is low i.e. 36 and these low IDV index strong interpersonal relationships among people and is strong even with the people other than close family (Mansor, 2000).
Masculinity – Femininity (MAS) – This index refers to the roles and responsibilities distribution according to gender, i.e., gender egalitarianism. MAS score of Malaysian culture is average and is 50. This average MAS index signifies there is no such gender inequality when it comes to distribution of roles and responsibilities. Society follows masculine values at the same rate it follows feminine values. Therefore, this average score refers to roles' equality in the Malaysian culture (Mansor, 2000).
Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) – This index refers to the degree of extent people can cope with stress and anxiety. UAI index of Malaysian culture is moderately low and is 26. This signifies that people in Malaysia are more inclusive, open and relaxed (Mansor, 2000).
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